Ketua Departemen Proteksi Tanaman, Fakultas Pertanian IPB, Dr. Dadang mengatakan petani butuh bantuan informasi dan fasilitas dalam menghadapi serangan hama wereng coklat (Nilaparvata lugens). Menurutnya, petani sekarang sudah lupa dengan Pemberantasan Hama Terpadu (PHT), sehingga dikhawatirkan akan terjadi puso.
 
“Kemungkinan ada pengaruh dari global warming. Namun terjadinya serangan wereng coklat merupakan resultan (hasil) dari sejumlah faktor, yakni varietas yang kurang tahan serangan hama, penggunaan pestisida yang tidak tepat, pola tanam yang salah dan masalah kelembagaan. Yang penting juga adalah masalah kelembagaan, petani di lapang itu perlu bantuan informasi dan fasilitas, ”ujarnya saat coffee morning di IPB (21/6).
 
Menurutnya, petani sedang kejar tayang sehingga lupa dengan pola penanaman padi terpadu. Dr. Dadang mengatakan, makanan utama wereng adalah padi, jika diganti dengan tanaman yang lain maka wereng tersebut pasti akan musnah.

“Maksudnya, dulu petani setelah menanam padi dilanjutkan dengan menanam kedelai atau ubi jalar atau yang lainnya. Saat ini, petani sudah melupakan itu. Pola tanam yang bagus, jarak tanam yang bagus, varietas yang tahan serangan, penggunaan pupuk yang seimbang dengan tidak terlalu banyak mengandung unsur Nitrogen (N) dapat mencegah penyebaran wereng coklat. Karena belum tentu dengan banyak N akan bagus hasilnya, padahal wereng coklat suka dengan unsur N,” jelasnya.  

Mengenai varietas, varietas hybrid yang rata-rata ketahanannya rendah, yang sudah ramai ditanam petani ternyata mengakibatkan jumlah wereng meningkat, sehingga menular ke varietas yang tahan hama. Penciptaan varietas baru tujuannya menghasilkan produktivitas yang tinggi namun mengabaikan ketahanannya terhadap hama. Selain itu, wereng coklat bisa menularkan virus penyakit kepada tanaman.

Ketika menghisap batang padi, wereng mengeluarkan virus yang membuat padi menjadi kerdil dan juga hampa. Alhasil, jika sudah terserang wereng sama artinya dengan gagal panen.

Selain itu, wereng coklat jika ditekan ternyata memiliki kemampuan yang kuat untuk melawan. Menurut beberapa peneliti, pencegahannya cukup yang moderat saja, yakni penggunaan pestisida dengan dosis tepat, jenis pestisidanya tepat, pola tanam yang benar dan ada peran pemerintah. Seperti penciptaan komunikasi yang sinergis antara petani, penyuluh dan peneliti.

“Hubungan antar petani dan kelompok tani harus dibina, mungkin jarak tanam diatur dengan sistem legowo, sehingga space antar padi agak lebar,” ujarnya.

Selain itu, cara yang lain dalam mencegah serangan wereng coklat adalah dengan menjaga kelembaban agar tetap rendah. “Wereng coklat suka dengan udara panas namun kelembabannya tinggi, dengan sistem legowo saya yakin mampu membantu mencegah wereng coklat” tegasnya.

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